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Projects in progress

Details
Last Updated: 20 June 2024

The SPEED facility is used in an educational context during teaching lectures given in Licence (L3 - UCA) and Master (M1/M2 Astrophysics MAUCA and MASS) degrees.

In the Physics license degree 

SPEED is part of three elective and supervised projects given in the second semester of the 3rd year on coronagraphy, cophasing optics and the JWST. 

[1] Coronagraphy: diffractive optics for exoplanets detection

[2] Cophasing optics: active optics for astronomical observations

[3] WebbPSF[edu]: understand JWST's images and development of the WebbPSF[edu] tool

In the Astrophysics master's degree 

SPEED is part of instrumental courses given in various METEORs (Modules Experiments ThEOry Research) of the MAUCA master's degree (http://mauca.unice.fr/) and in two instrumental lectures in the MASS master's degree (https://www.master-mass.eu/).

[4] CSO: Cophasing Segmented Optics (elective lecture - M1/M2 MAUCA)

[5] SEFA: Software Engineering for Astronomy (elective lecture - M1/M2 MAUCA, M2 MASS)

[6] IE: Imaging Exoplanets (elective lecture - M1/M2 MAUCA)

[7] Telescope Optics - Erasmus Master MASS (Master in Astrophysics and Space Science, compulsory course) 

[8] Cophasing Optics - Erasmus Master MASS (Master in Astrophysics and Space Science, compulsory course) 

Summary of courses currently proposed:

 Lecture  University year in which the lecture was provided
 Supervised project on coronagraphy [1]  2018-2019 / 2019-2020 / 2020-2021
 Supervised project on cophasing [2]
 Supervised project on WebbPSF[edu] [3]  2022-2023
 Cophasing Segmented Optics [4]  2018-2019 / 2019-2020 / 2021-2022 / 2023-2024
 Software Engineering for Astronomy [5]  2023-2024 / 2024-2025
 Imaging Exoplanets [6]  
 Telescope Optics [7]  2022-2023 / 2023-2024 / 2024-2025
 Cophasing Optics [8]  2022-2023 / 2023-2024 / 2024-2025

 Teaching LOGO

 

Details
Last Updated: 04 April 2024

As of December 11th 2023, the SPEED project is a 796 k€ project (hardware). Funding came from various sources as described below. The project also received funding support from CNES, Airbus Defense & Space, Thales Alenia Space, Région PACA, OCA, and EDSFA for PhD contracts, and from the Lagrange laboratory for IUT and Master's degrees internships. 

In particular, speed has received funding from 3 CNES R&T program:

- R&T CNES 2015-2017 [reference 4500049994/DIA094]

- R&T CNES 2019-2021 [reference 4500063765/DIA094]

- R&T CNES 2023-2025 [reference R-S23/SU-0002-088-03]

speed budget new3

LOGO SPEED 

Details
Last Updated: 03 September 2019

Study

Collaboration

Fresnel/Talbot effect, instrumental contrast design LESIA, France
Self-coherent camera phasing sensor (SCC-PS, cophasing) LESIA, France
ZELDA-PS (cophasing) LAM, France
PIAACMC design study NAOJ, USA
Details
Last Updated: 30 November 2023

Current team

Name

Role 

P. Martinez Scientific manager (PI) 
C. Gouvret  Optical study and AIT manager
J. Dejonghe Opto-mechanical study
M. Beaulieu System study and end-to-end modelling 
A. Marcotto AIT
A. Spang Opto-mechanical engineering and AIV
C. Sallard  PhD student 2024-2027 (Thales Alenia Space /Région PACA)
R. Dharmadhikari        PhD senior fellow at the Indian Institut of Astrophysics (collaboration September - December 2023)         
I. Lapassat Administrative manager

 

Former associates

Name

Role

G. Doyen PhD student 2019-2022 (CNES/UCA), PhD withdrew in June 2022
O. Preis Project manager
L. Abe High-contrast simulation and validation expertise
K. Barjot Internship M2
M. Postnikova Internship M2
  PhD student 2017-2020 (CNES/OCA), PhD withdrew in September 2018
P. Janin-Potiron     Internship M2 
  PhD student 2014-2017 (Airbus Defense & Space/Région PACA), awarded PhD SF2A 2018
Y. Fantei Software consultant 
J-B. Daban Project manager
L. David Internship IUT
P. Belzanne Internship IUT
A. Chambinaud Internship IUT
H. Philippon Internship IUT

 

 

Details
Last Updated: 12 September 2024

Publication list with hyperlink 

 

As of 2024 July 7th, the project gathers:

21 conference publications and 12 refereed publications, and 2 defended PhD theses. 

Project overview publications

[1] SPEED: get ready for (PCS) rush hour

Martinez et al. ESO Messenger 2023 n°190

[2] The segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection VI. From early design to the first lights

Martinez et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2022

[3] The segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection V. System control and software infrastructure 

Martinez et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2022

[4] The segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection. IV. A versatile image-based wavefront sensor for active optics 

Martinez et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2020

[5] The segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection. III. Advances and first light with segment cophasing 

Martinez et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2018

[6] The segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection. II. Design advances and progress overview

Martinez et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2016

[7] The segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection

Martinez et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2014

[8] The segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection: SPEEDing up R&D towards high-contrast imaging instruments for the E-ELT

Martinez et al. ESO Messenger 2015 n°159

Key hardware studies publications

[1] High contrast at small angular separations: III. Impact on the dark hole of MEMS deformable mirror control electronics

Martinez et al. MNRAS 2024, under press 

[2] Revisiting optical transfer function-based focal plane wavefront sensors for correcting NCPAs

Martinez et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2024

[3] Differential optical transfer function (dOTF) wavefront sensing with the SPEED test-bed

Dharmadhikari et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2024

[4] Phase-induced amplitude apodization complex mask coronagraph (PIAACMC) without PIAA: redesigning a phase-induced amplitude apodization to a conventional pupil amplitude apodization

Sallard et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2024

[5] Bisymmetric pupil modification deconvolution strategy for differential optical transfer function (dOTF) wavefront sensing  

Martinez et al. A&A 684 L5 Letter 2023

[6] Design, manufacturing and testing of phase-induced amplitude apodization and phase-shifting optics for segmented telescopes  

Martinez et al. A&A 2023, Vol. 680, A6

[7] Gearing up the SPEED wavefront shaping strategy 

Doyen et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2020

[8] Metrological characterization of the SPEED test-bed PIAACMC components  

Barjot et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2020

[9] High contrast at small angular separations: II. Impact on the dark hole of a realistic optical setup with two deformable mirrors

Beaulieu et al. MNRAS 2020, 498 

[10] Design and manufacturing of a multi-zone phase-shifting coronagraph mask for extremely large telescopes

Martinez et al. A&A 2020, Vol. 635, A126

[11] Fast-modulation imaging with the self-coherent camera

Martinez, A&A Letter 2019, 629, L10

[12] An end-to-end Fresnel propagation model for SPEED: PIAACMC implementation and performance

Beaulieu et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2018

[13] Design, specification and manufacturing of a PIAACMC for the SPEED testbed

Martinez et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2018

[14] Fine cophasing of segmented aperture telescopes with ZELDA, a Zernike wavefront sensor in the diffraction-limited regime

Janin-Potiron et al. A&A 2017

[15] High-contrast imaging at small separations: impact of the optical configuration of two deformable mirrors on dark holes

Beaulieu et al. MNRAS 2017, 469

[16] Self-coherent camera as a focal plane phasing sensor

Janin-Potiron et al. A&A 2016, 592, A110

[17] The self-coherent camera as phasing sensor: from numerical simulations to early experiments

Janin-Potiron et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2016

[18] SPEED design optimization via Fresnel propagation analysis

Beaulieu et al. Proceeding of the SPIE 2016

[19] The self-coherent camera as a focal plane phasing sensor

Janin-Potiron et al. EAS publications series 78-79 2016

[20] System analysis of the segmented pupil experiment for exoplanet detection – SPEED – in view of the ELTs

Preis et al. Proceeding of the AO4ELT 4th Edition 2015

[21] A Fresnel propagation analysis for SPEED    

Beaulieu et al. Proceeding of the AO4ELT 4th Edition 2015

[22] The self-coherent camera as a phasing sensor: overview and early comparison with the Zenike phase contrast sensor

Janin-Potiron et al. Proceeding of the AO4ELT 4th Edition 2015 

Project related publications 

[1] Differential optical transfer function (dOTF) broad spectrum wavefront sensing using integral field unit spectroscopy

Martinez, A&A 684 L5 Letter 2024

[2] Analytical decomposition of Zernike and hexagonal modes over a hexagonal segmented optical aperture

Janin-Potiron, Martinez and Carbillet, OSA Continuum  2018 - 1(2), 715-726 

[3] Laser guide stars used for cophasing broad capture ranges

Martinez and Janin-Potiron, A&A Letter 2016, 593, L1

PhD Thesis 

[1] Correction active des discontinuités pupillaires des télescopes à miroir segmenté pour l’imagerie haut contraste et la haute résolution angulaire

Janin-Potiron Pierre, Université Côte d’Azur 2017 (Prix SF2A 2018)

[2] Imagerie optique à très haut contraste : une approche instrumentale optimale

Beaulieu Mathilde, Université Côte d’Azur 2017

 

 

 

Details
Last Updated: 21 July 2023

Description

The architectural principle of the SPEED bench is presented in the above diagram. The field of view of interest is restricted to 8 λ/D in radius given the aimed objective of high contrast at small angular separations. The bench is therefore composed of a visible cophasing optical path (in blue) and a near-infrared path (in red) dedicated to high contrast. 

The common path is in orange colour in the 3D CAO view of the bench presented above. The visible path dedicated to the optical cophasing corresponds to the blue lines and the near-infrared path, dedicated to high-contrast imaging, corresponds to the red lines.

SPEED LAYOUT2

The Speed bench is installed in a clean-room environment (ISO7 classroom) at the Lagrange Laboratory, FIZEAU building on the Valrose campus in the city centre of Nice.

SPEED allphoto

Fig1 

Details
Last Updated: 29 January 2024

Fig1

 

The SPEED project is an instrumental facility designed to study high-contrast imaging techniques using a segmented telescope, aiming to achieve very close angular separations in preparation for the next generation of ground- and space-based observatories. The bench integrates a segmented telescope simulator with 163 segments, co-phasing optics (in the optical domain), and a multi-DM architecture combined with deep coronagraphic imaging (in the near-infrared). The scientific field of view ranges from 1 to 8 λ/D in the H-band. In terms of key hardware, the bench includes a super-continuum NKT light source, an integral sphere, a tip/tilt mirror, an IRIS AO PTT489 segmented deformable mirror, 2 Kilo-C deformable mirrors from Boston Micromachines, SCC-PS and/or ZELDA-PS sensors (for cophasing), a PIAACMC (coronagraph), and SCC. The bench is currently in exploitation phase and housed in an ISO 7 room in the FIZEAU building. The SPEED project enjoys broad support at the local, national, and European levels (as indicated at the bottom of the page).

In particular, the SPEED testbed searches for participating in the future instrumental development of an exoplanet hunter around late-type stars (M-stars). 

Three main research axes are studied: 

  • cophasing optics (fine cophasing and monitoring) from the scientific image 
  • very small IWA coronagraphy (inner working angle)
  • active optics with multi-DM for high-contrast imaging (wavefront shaping for dark hole generation)

The testbed will also offer the possibility to study ELT's inherent drawbacks from its segmented nature and emphasize the study of their impact on high-contrast (e.g., missing segment, cophasing residual, mixing XAO residuals and cophasing residuals, etc.)

All the SPEED OAPs have been realized by the OCA optical workshop.

 SPEED LAYOUT2

Crédit: J. Dejonghe - C. Gouvret

3D CAO view of the SPEED test-bed placed on a 1.5 x 2.4 m table with protection panels forming a nearly closed box. Color code: telescope simulator and common path (orange), visible path (blue) and near-infrared path (red). Acronyms: TTM - tip/tilt mirror, OAP - off-axis parabola, ASM - active segmented mirror, DM - deformable mirror, FM - flat mirror, DIC - dichroic, L - lens, SCC-PS - self- coherent camera-phasing sensor, FPM - focal plan (mask), PIAA-M1 & PIAA-M2 - phase induced amplitude apodization mirror 1 & 2, LS - Lyot stop, APOGEE - visible camera, NIT - near-infrared camera, Basler - pupil camera (Vis. and NiR), FF - flip flop mirror, FW - filter wheel.

 

Fig3 Simulated pupil of the  SPEED telescope simulator exhibiting 30% central obscuration, 6 spiders and 163 segments. 

 

Fig4

Simulated NiR PSF image. The Blue circle defines the wavefront shaping DMs cut-off frequency. The red circle defines the field of view (FoV) targetted by the project and is restricted to small angular separations. Green circles localized the first diffractive signatures from the primary mirror segmentation.   

 

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